A "meter leak" typically refers to a leak occurring at or near your water meter, the device that measures your household's water consumption. While the meter itself might not be leaking, the term often encompasses leaks in the plumbing connection leading to or immediately following the meter. What causes a meter leak can vary. Often, it's due to corrosion of old pipes, especially in homes with galvanized steel or copper piping that has been in the ground for many years. Ground movement, shifting soil, or even minor seismic activity can stress pipes, leading to cracks or separations. Poor installation, where connections aren't adequately tightened or sealed, can also manifest as leaks over time. Freezing and thawing cycles can cause pipes to expand and contract, weakening them and potentially leading to bursts, especially in colder climates.
Identifying a waterline leak can be tricky as most of your plumbing is hidden. However, there are several telltale signs. An unexplained increase in your water bill is often the most significant indicator, as leaking water still gets metered. Wet spots or discolored patches on walls, ceilings, or floors, even if the water isn't actively dripping, can point to a hidden leak. The sound of running water when no faucets are open or appliances are in use is another strong sign. A sudden drop in water pressure throughout your home might indicate a significant leak somewhere in the system. Finally, if you notice an area of your lawn that is consistently greener or more saturated than the surrounding grass, even during dry periods, it could be a sign of a buried pipe leak.
Hiring a professional leak detection company is paramount for several reasons. Firstly, they possess specialized equipment and expertise to accurately pinpoint the exact location of a leak, even if it's hidden behind walls or underground. This precision minimizes the need for destructive exploratory digging or demolition, saving you time, money, and extensive repairs. Professionals can often detect leaks that are too small to be visible but still contribute to significant water loss. Their experience allows them to quickly differentiate between a minor condensation issue and a serious plumbing problem, providing peace of mind and preventing further damage to your property.
Once a waterline leak is detected, a licensed plumber employs various methods for repair, depending on the type and location of the leak. For small, accessible leaks in copper pipes, soldering is a common technique, using heat to fuse a new section of pipe or a patch over the damaged area. For PEX or CPVC pipes, push-to-connect fittings or crimp rings are often used to quickly and securely join new sections of pipe. If the leak is a small crack or pinhole, epoxy resin or specialized pipe repair clamps can sometimes provide a temporary or even long-term fix. However, for significant damage, extensive corrosion, or leaks in inaccessible areas, a full pipe replacement of the damaged section is often necessary. This involves cutting out the compromised pipe and installing new piping, often using methods like trenchless pipe replacement (if underground) to minimize disruption to your property. The plumber will choose the most appropriate and durable repair method based on the specific circumstances of the leak.